菩萨蛮·萧萧几叶风兼雨
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清代]：纳兰性德
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萧萧几叶风兼雨，离人偏识长更苦。欹枕数秋天，蟾蜍下早弦。
菩萨蛮·萧萧几叶风兼雨译文及注释
译文
风雨萧萧，落叶片片。秋夜里，数着长更，更长愁更长。这时候，斜靠在枕头上，仰望星空。月亮已经经过了上弦，慢慢趋于圆满。秋风秋雨，寒凉惊心。
罗衾不耐，孤枕难忍。号角催晓，漏滴花阴。泪花伴随着灯花，被烧成灰烬。没有一个地方不让人伤心。瑶琴知我意，也早已蒙上了一层薄薄的灰尘。
注释
“萧萧”二句：萧萧，风雨声。秦观《满江红》：“风雨萧萧，长途上、春泥没足。”
长更：长夜，南唐李煜《三台令》：“不寐倦长更，披衣出户行。”
“欹枕”二句：欹（qī）枕，斜靠着枕头。蟾蜍，代指月亮。早弦，即上弦。二句亦布景，展示秋夜的上弦月。
“夜寒”二句：灯花，油灯结成花形的余烬。戎昱《桂州腊月》：”晓角分残漏，孤灯落碎花。“仲胤妻《伊川令（寄外）》：”教奴独自守空房，泪珠与、灯花共落。“二句意谓寒夜被薄，泪花伴随着灯花，被烧成灰烬。
玉琴：琴之美称。
参考资料：
1、施议对．纳兰性德集：凤凰出版社，2011：51-52
2、张秉戍．纳兰词笺注：北京出版社，2000：6
菩萨蛮·萧萧几叶风兼雨创作背景
张秉戍将《菩萨蛮·萧萧几叶风兼雨》收于《纳兰词笺注》的爱情目录之中，谓之思念情人或者悼念亡妻都无不可，创造时间不详。
参考资料：
1、施议对．纳兰性德集：凤凰出版社，2011：51-52
菩萨蛮·萧萧几叶风兼雨鉴赏
《菩萨蛮·萧萧几叶风兼雨》通篇用白描的写法，从多个方面去描写和渲染，写思妇的苦情。“风兼雨”“长更”是耳闻，“蟾蜍下早弦”是眼见，“夜寒”是身体感受，“无处不伤心”是心理感受。容若将离人苦夜长，相思难解，无处不伤心的苦况写得精细到位，末一句雅而伤，词中女子显然是淑女，风格姿态不同于《古诗十九首》里的“荡子妇”。“轻尘”两字更将闺阁寂寥的氛围摹写得深细。凄婉之情溢于词表。上片展现自然景象，秋天的风雨和秋天的月。下片是社会事相，泪花和灯花。
上阙写景。首句中，词人描写了凄风苦雨下，落叶萧萧的景象，渲染出一种悲凉的悲凉的氛围。“长更”一句，从李煜《三台令》词中化出，写长夜漫漫，无法入睡，词人索性抬头望天，不知不觉，月亮已在上弦处了，表明词人孤卧时间之久，寂寞难耐。词的下阙写词人好不容易入睡，却因凉夜被薄惊醒，孤凄寒冷透彻心扉，不觉泪水伴着灯花淌落。满心伤怀，更奈何，眼望去，竟是伊人昔日所弹之琴，如今古琴都蒙上了灰尘，更休提伊人如今飘然远去了。
词人所描之景，在古琴处停止，仿佛古琴余音，婉转低回，回味无穷。
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纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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