菊花新·用韵送张见阳令江华
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清代]：纳兰性德
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愁绝行人天易暮，行向鹧鸪声里住。渺渺洞庭波，木叶下，楚天何处。
折残杨柳应无数，趁离亭笛声吹度。有几个征鸿，相伴也，送君南去。
菊花新·用韵送张见阳令江华译文及注释
译文
世间别离最无奈，总到离别时，方恨相聚少。你我二人．意气相投，此一别，好时光将少。我是多么不情愿，与你在日暮黄昏中告别，此时此刻的心情，想必我们彼此明了。
杨柳折了无数，仍道不出珍重，笛声阵阵，扣人心弦。你终究还是成为落日中的远影，我驻足难移，惟愿鸿雁伴君行，一路顺风顺水。
注释
菊花新：词牌名，《齐东野语》云：此曲为教坊都管王公谨作。此调有不同体格，均为双调。本首为其一体，双调五十二字，前后段各四句、三仄韵。
江华：在湖南省西南部，今为瑶族自治县。张见阳：张纯修，字子敏，号见阳，浭阳人。
愁绝：极度的忧愁。易∶改变。鹧鸪声里，借指见阳将去的江华之地，地在西南方，故云。且鹧鸪声亦含有惜别之意。
渺渺：遥远。楚天：古时长江中下游一带属楚国，楚在南方，故用以泛指南方的天空。
“折残”二句：意谓在送别见阳之时依依难舍，杨柳折断了无数次，本应趁着长亭离宴上的笛声作别，却仍不忍分手离去。吹度：吹送。
征鸿：征雁，大雁秋来南飞，春来北往，但诗词中多指南飞之雁。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰容若著．苏缨注译,纳兰词全编笺注：湖南文艺出版社，2011.07：第187页
2、唐译编著．图解纳兰词：企业管理出版社，2014.10：第302页
菊花新·用韵送张见阳令江华创作背景
康熙十八年（1679年）秋，纳兰容若的好友张纯修（号见阳）离京赴任湖南江华县，容若作此词以送别。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰容若著．苏缨注评：纳兰词,长江文艺出版社，2015.07：第159页
菊花新·用韵送张见阳令江华鉴赏
上片写想像之景，描写见阳将赴任之地的苍茫凄清之景。“愁绝行人天易暮”，人要走，留不住的尽是相思情，仿佛知道容若内心的凄苦，连上天都不忍再看，暮色深重，愁煞赶路人。“行向鹏鸪声里住”，“鹧鸪声里”一语双关，既指友人沿途之景，又用鹧鸪特殊的鸣叫声“行不得也哥哥”来表达挽留和思念。“渺渺洞庭波，木叶下、楚天何处？”既然清楚了友人要去的地方，但是自己无法相陪，这真是哀愁的一件事情。
下片接着写送别之情，依依惜别，不忍分离，可是离别总是要面对的，容若只得化悲痛为安慰，对自己说，朋友不过是远去，来日方长，总有见面的一天。“折残杨柳应无数，趁离亭笛声催度。”话虽如此，依然是舍不得离开，不知道送过了多少路程，不知道走过了多少亭子，就是舍不得说分手。但是天下无不散的宴席，自己送君千里终须一别，不能将朋友送到他要去的地方。折柳送别是古人的传统，而“折残”二字道尽了分离时的难舍难分。但是友人这一路上是否安全，他依然担心。正巧头顶上盘旋几只大雁，那就让大雁为自己护送友人，一路南下。词人巧设“征鸿”来陪伴友人南下，以解其路途的寂寞，亦隐隐表现出对友人的关怀。情感的真挚到最后陡然升起，友人之间的情谊无须再多说，彼此心意了然。
一般人描写送别，总是从眼下的依依惜别讲起，但容若另辟蹊径，直接描写旅途中的各种萧瑟意象，仿佛已经亲眼见剑一般。到了下片才拉回现实，说到当下正在长亭饯别，在笛声中送好友踏上征途。白己不能随好友例土，只有大边的儿只孤雁，陪伴好友向着一路向南。
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范云《
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送沈记室夜别》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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