赠荷花
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唐代]：李商隐
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此花此叶常相映，翠减红衰愁杀人。(常相映一作：长相映)
赠荷花译文及注释
译文
世上人们对花和叶的说法不同，把花栽在美观的金盆中，却不管花叶让它落在土里变为尘土。
只有荷花是红花绿叶相配，荷叶有卷有舒，荷花有开有合，衬托得那样完美自然。
荷花与荷叶长期互相交映，当荷叶掉落，荷花凋谢之时，是多么令人惋惜啊。
注释
不相伦：不相比较。意谓世人皆重花而轻叶。伦：同等，同类。
金盆：铜制的盆。供注水盥洗之用。
绿荷红菡萏（hàn dàn）：绿荷是指碧绿的荷叶。菡萏是指未开的荷花。《诗经·山有扶苏》之“隰有荷华”，刘桢《公宴》诗：“芙蓉散其华，菡萏溢金塘。”
卷舒：形容荷叶的姿态。卷，卷缩。舒，伸展。开合：形容荷花的姿态。开，开放。合，合拢。
天真：天然本性、不加雕饰的本来样子。冯延巳《忆江南》词之一：“玉人贪睡坠钗云，粉消妆薄见天真。”
翠减红衰：翠者为叶，红者为花，翠减红衰言花叶凋零。翠：指荷叶。红：指荷花。
愁杀（shà）人：令人愁苦至极。
参考资料：
1、中国社会科学院文学研究所古代文学室唐诗选注小组．中国古典文学普及读物 唐诗选注 下册：北京出版社，1982年：第622页
2、郑在瀛．李商隐诗全集 汇编今注简释：崇文书局，2011.12：第8页
3、吕明涛．怡情书吧 李商隐 ：中华书局，2011.03：第132页
4、陶冶主．唐诗故事：商务印书馆国际有限公司，2000.02：第281页
赠荷花创作背景
开成三年李商隐新婚，绿荷红菡萏就是盛夏的景象，这首诗就是作于这一年夏天泾原幕里，王夫人会写诗，李商隐就用格诗、律诗来赠送给她，这首诗的含义明确易懂，主要是以“荷叶”为主题，使它能诵易晓，更能表明自己的心迹，与议婚热恋之时的《荷花》诗前后相应。
参考资料：
1、靖宇主．唐诗多功能多用途词典 上：辽海出版社，2001.09：85-86
2、靖宇主．唐诗多功能多用途词典 上：辽海出版社，2001.09：85-86
赠荷花鉴赏
诗的前两句写花与叶的两种不同命运。世上的花与叶，本是同根生，同枝长，花儿万紫千红，千姿百态，各自与众不同而独具芳馨。一旦被慧眼识中。便移栽金盆，倍受呵护。但绿叶却受到遗弃，飘零落地，在凄风苦雨中化作尘土。花入盆，叶作尘，这是世间花和叶的各自的命运。这两句总写花的万幸和叶的不幸，以它们的“不相伦”反映出荷花独特品质的可贵。
“惟有”二字，同中取异，以下四句，全承它而来，转写荷叶的伸张卷曲，荷花的开放闭合，种种风姿，天然无饰。古人以荷花喻君子美德的很多，借荷花出淤泥而不染的特性，比喻和赞美高洁脱俗、不媚于世的卓然自主的品格。但这首诗，却吟咏了荷叶荷花“任天真”的品质，借以歌颂真诚而不虚伪的美德。“任天真”，既是写花，又是写人。以花性写人性，立意新奇。
最后两句进一层写荷花的“天真”之处。荷花的红花绿叶，互照互映互衬。即使到了红衰翠减、世人愁苦之时，仍然不相遗弃。如果说，前两句写荷花“任天真”，侧重表现共荣；那么，这两句的“长相映”，则主要表现同衰。这四句诗互补互承，从正反两方面完整地表现出荷花既能同荣、又能同衰的坚贞不渝的品质。
李商隐一生不得志，只做过几任小官。其主要原因不是他无才，而是没有知己者的力荐。他生存在牛、李两党的夹缝之中，没有信任，没有依托，饱受奚落和排挤。这首诗歌颂荷花能荣衰相依，实则表达了自己渴求知己、寻觅政治依托的心声。
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上一首：
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苏轼《
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饮湖上初晴后雨二首·其一》
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陶渊明《
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时运》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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