读韩杜集
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唐代]：杜牧
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读韩杜集译文及注释
译文
杜诗和韩文在愁闷时诵读，舒心爽气就像请仙女麻姑在痒处搔。
天外的凤凰谁能得其精髓?世上无人懂得配制续弦胶。
注释
杜诗韩集：一作“杜诗韩笔”。六朝人称散文为笔。这里指盛唐杜甫的诗和中唐韩愈的文。
倩(qiàn)：请人代做。麻姑：麻姑又称寿仙娘娘、虚寂冲应真人，汉族民间信仰的女神，属于道教人物。过去汉族民间为女性祝寿多赠麻姑像，取名麻姑献寿。《神仙传》记载，仙人王方平在蔡经家召麻姑来。
续弦胶：凤喙与麟角，合煎作“续弦胶”，可续弓弩的断弦。
读韩杜集创作背景
杜牧的《读韩杜集》创作于晚唐(公元803-852年)，由于对杜甫、韩愈的文学成就的高度评价，杜牧写下这首《读韩杜集》，表达其倾慕、推重之情。
参考资料：
1、王波著．阅读疗法：海洋出版社，2007.6：第133页
读韩杜集鉴赏
第一句中的杜诗韩笔，指杜甫的诗歌和韩愈的古文。“愁来”，点明诗人研读杜诗韩笔时的心绪。安史乱后数十年来，藩镇割据，内战频仍，致使边防空虚，民生凋敝；而吐蕃统治者又占据河西、陇右，威胁京都，河陇人民长期受吐蕃奴隶主奴役之苦。这内忧边患，时刻萦绕在诗人心头，他不可能不愁从中来。这“愁”，是诗人抱负的流露、识见的外溢和正义感的迸泻。“愁来”读杜、韩，说明诗人与杜、韩灵犀相通。
第二句中他从杜的沉郁顿挫和韩的精深博大中汲收了睿智、胆识和力量。理性的享受，心灵的快感，使他忽发奇想，恍若请古代神话中的麻姑仙女用那纤长的指甲搔着自己的痒处一样。此典原意是蔡经悬想麻姑爪爬背上痒处，舒适、愉快；诗人移作搔心头痒处，酣畅、痛快。这匪夷所思的妙喻，是诗人兴到之笔，妙在信手拈来，兴味盎然。
第三句中诗人把杜、韩比作天外飞来的百鸟之王凤凰，赞叹、倾慕之情赫然可见。
第四句中日趋没落的晚唐社会犹如断弦的弓弩，其颓势已定。谁也不能用凤髓制得续弦胶，把断了的弓弦续上的。不明言“愁”，而其“愁”自见。
这首七绝宣示了诗人钻研杜、韩的心得，表达其倾慕、推重之情。诗中描叙愁中读杜、韩诗文的极度快感，而后喟叹杜、韩的杰作无人嗣响。以愁起，以愁结，一前一尾，一显一隐，错落有致。诗中旧典活用，有言外之意，弦外之音，又使人回味不已。诗后两句，上句设问，下句作答，一问一答，自成呼应，饶有韵味。
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上一首：
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杜甫《
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柏学士茅屋》
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陆游《
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读书》
杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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