遇长安使寄裴尚书
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南北朝]：江总
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传闻合浦叶，远向洛阳飞。
北风尚嘶马，南冠独不归。
去云目徒送，离琴手自挥。
秋蓬失处所，春草屡芳菲。
太息关山月，风尘客子衣。
遇长安使寄裴尚书译文及注释
译文
传说合浦有一株杉树，随风远向北方洛阳飞。
胡马感北风尚知嘶鸣，南冠羁居却不能回归。
目送云彩向家乡飘去，离开琴弦手指仍自挥。
秋蓬飞荡失去原住所，光阴转芳草多次芳菲。
长声叹息旅途关山月，风尘沾满天涯客子衣。
注释
裴尚书：裴忌，字无畏。陈宣帝时历位都官尚书。
“传闻” 两句：据晋刘欣期《兖州记》合浦东有一一杉树，叶落，随风入洛阳城内。
南冠： 夏秋楚人之冠。后来也作为远使或囚犯的代称。
“去云”两句：用嵇康“目送归鸿，手挥五弦”句意。
参考资料：
1、沈文凡编著．汉魏六朝诗三百首译析：吉林文史出版社，2014.02：第201页
2、金性尧著；金文男编．金性尧集外文编 第4卷 古诗文赏析 作家小传 编辑手稿 旧体诗 金性尧著作篇目索引：中西书局，2013.08：第94页
遇长安使寄裴尚书创作背景
陈文帝天嘉四年（563），作者正流寓岭南，恰逢长安有使者至，便写此诗寄交在朝中任尚书的裴忌，表述了自己在异乡愁苦万端而急盼思归的心情。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非，姚奠中，胡国瑞等著．汉魏晋南北朝隋诗鉴赏词典：山西人民出版社，1989.03：第1480页
2、邬国平选注．汉魏六朝诗选：上海古籍出版社，2005年11月第1版：第604页
遇长安使寄裴尚书鉴赏
起首两句是“兴”，即唤起。合浦（今属广东）指作者流寓之地，洛阳非实指，意思是合浦之杉叶尚能遥飞到洛阳，自己却流落异域，人不如叶。诗人知道岭南的杉叶飞到洛阳是不可信的，所以用“传闻”二字；然而愿望却在挑动诗人，并激发了诗人的想象力。虚幻与常识的起迭，失望与希望的对流，这种心理上的矛盾在乱世尤其表现得突出，因而这两句也有它的社会内容。
“北风”两句是对“传闻”两句的曲折承接，从南与北的地理的间隔上，又暗寓着南北朝在政治上的对立。树高千丈，叶落归根，这是诗人的迫切愿望，但国土的分裂使他无法实现这愿望，因而“南”、“北”这两个字，也成为诗人的敏感性的词眼。
前四句是诗人的独白，五、六两句才转入赠诗的对象。诗人和长安使之间应当有对话的，却以目送手挥来代替。诗人要着重表达的是离别时的情绪。这两句原是化用嵇康赠人诗的句意，但加上“徒送”的“徒”，就加强了感伤的效果。江总原来也是以使臣身分而到岭南，这时眼睁睁地望着长安使从他身边离去，自己却仍然留滞着。一去一留，其中就有多多少少要说的话，如同小河下面的潜流。
“秋蓬”句是比自己，“春草”句是说自己在客地已经度过几个春天。但春草的年年芳菲，徒然增添了自己的惆怅。《楚辞·招隐士》有“王孙游兮不归，春草生兮萋萋”句，唐代王维《送别》也有“春草年年绿，王孙归不归”句，用意都有共通处。
末两句以关山逗客子，以月光逗风尘：明月本是普照大地的，但对诗人来说，能够让光照到的也唯有衣衫上的风尘而已。
全诗前八句用比喻，对仗也很工整，却不雕琢，这一方面固然表现出作者的才力，一方面也因作者是南朝后期的人，诗的格律正在逐渐趋向成孰稳定。
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柳宗元《
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零陵早春》
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陆游《
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渔家傲·寄仲高》
江总简介
唐代·江总的简介
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江总（519～594）著名南朝陈大臣、文学家。字总持，祖籍济阳考城（今河南兰考）。出身高门，幼聪敏，有文才。年十八，为宣惠武陵王府法曹参军，迁尚书殿中郎。所作诗篇深受梁武帝赏识，官至太常卿。张缵、王筠、刘之遴，乃一时高才学士，皆对江总雅相推重，与之为忘年友。侯景之乱后，避难会稽，流寓岭南，至陈文帝天嘉四年（563）才被征召回建康，任中书侍郎。陈后主时，官至尚书令，故世称“江令”。任上“总当权宰，不持政务，但日与后主游宴后庭”，“由是国政日颓，纲纪不立”（《陈书·江总传》）。隋文帝开皇九年(589)灭陈，江总入隋为上开府，后放回江南，去世于江都（今江苏扬州）。
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