西子妆慢·湖上清明薄游
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宋代]：吴文英
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流水麹尘，艳阳醅酒，画舸游情如雾。笑拈芳草不知名，乍凌波、断桥西堍。垂杨漫舞。总不解、将春系住。燕归来，问彩绳纤手，如今何许。
欢盟误。一箭流光，又趁寒食去。不堪衰鬓著飞花，傍绿阴、冷烟深树。玄都秀句。记前度、刘郎曾赋。最伤心、一片孤山细雨。
西子妆慢·湖上清明薄游鉴赏
《西子妆慢》，双调，九十七字，上片十句五仄韵，下片九句六仄韵。此词据张炎词序说：“（系）吴梦窗自制此曲。”“湖上”，指杭城西湖。西湖又称西子湖，此系词人即景自度曲。
“流水”三句，词人醉眼中湖景。“曲”，即酒曲也。这儿喻水面浮物。“酷”，热也。此喻太阳如被酒热所逼的醉汉的红脸庞。此三句言词人乘舟醉游西湖，醉眼朦胧中见到水面浮物，就当作酒曲，将红彤彤的太阳当作酒友发热的红脸庞，游船周围的景色从醉眼中望去已是成了一片模糊影子。此处生动地刻画出一个酒徒大醉时的模样。“笑拈”两句，承前述醉态。此言词人已经大醉，在不知不觉中到了断桥西边。停船上岸，随手拔来一些花草，却傻笑着说不出它们究竟叫什么“芳名”。“拈芳草”，即春日斗草游戏。古时妇女习惯在寒食、清明时进行的一种游戏，大致是以采集之草品种多少、优劣或其他方式定胜负。据宋懔《荆楚岁时记》：“竞采百药，谓百草以触除毒气，故也有斗草之戏。”“垂杨”两句，触景生情。言清明时节，湖堤柳枝遇风飘舞，煞是好看。但他却认为杨柳枝终究是不懂得人的惜春之情，将这无限春光系住不放它去。“柳”有留之意，因此古人常折柳赠别。“燕归来”三句，借物设问，感慨系之。词人假手归来旧地的燕子，似乎它们的呢喃声像在询问眼前秋千架上的彩绳：如今还有多少双纤手前来游玩过？此非燕问，实是词人自问也。
过片“欢盟误”三句，感叹岁月蹉跎。此言年青时的山盟海誓如今都已泯灭，日月如梭，光阴如箭，一转眼又度过了一个寒食节。“寒食”扫墓，词人在杭曾有一位恩爱十年的亡妾墓在，所以他自然地想起两人的“欢盟”空误。“不堪”两句。言自己现在已是两鬓斑白苍老不堪，然而湖岸却依旧是绿荫浓浓烟笼寒水，景物如旧。“玄都”两句，借用唐刘禹锡两游苏州玄都观即景赋诗的典故。此处是说：西湖山水也曾有我从前记游吟唱的诗词在，其中也不乏“秀句”佳作。“前度刘郎”，又点出了西湖是词人的重游之地。“最伤心”句，言己驻足断桥岸边已久，面对着眼前孤山，只见天气已转成毛毛细雨，心情也随景转为凄凉，所谓孤独人寂寞对孤山，理应伤心不已耳。
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王元鼎《
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醉太平·寒食》
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王安石《
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壬辰寒食》
吴文英简介
唐代·吴文英的简介
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吴文英（约1200～1260），字君特，号梦窗，晚年又号觉翁，四明（今浙江宁波）人。原出翁姓，后出嗣吴氏。与贾似道友善。有《梦窗词集》一部，存词三百四十余首，分四卷本与一卷本。其词作数量丰沃，风格雅致，多酬答、伤时与忆悼之作，号“词中李商隐”。而后世品评却甚有争论。
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