踏莎行·院落深沉
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宋代]：洪迈
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院落深沉，池塘寂静。帘钩卷上梨花影。宝筝拈得雁难寻，篆香消尽山空冷。
钗凤斜欹，鬓蝉不整。残红立褪慵看镜。杜鹃啼月一声声，等闲又是三春尽。
踏莎行·院落深沉译文及注释
译文
夜晚的院落幽深隐蔽，池塘寂清谧静。我睡不着觉，把窗帘卷挂在帘钩上，映入眼帘的是满树梨花的花影。手指拢住古筝的弦，黑暗中筝面的雁柱也摸不到，音调也调不准。香炉中的盘香耗尽，懒得去添香料，身处屏风旁也徒然感觉到室内的寒凉。
凤形的头钗倾侧在头发的一边，蝉形的鬓发发武零乱不整。憔悴面孔的脂粉颜色即刻减退，也懒得去照一下镜子。月下传来杜鹃鸟一声声催归的啼叫声，不经意间，一年中三春的美好时光就这样轻易终结了。
注释
踏莎行：词牌名。亦称《踏雪行》。双调五十八字，前后阕各三仄韵，前后阕开始两句例用对仗。
深沉：深邃隐蔽。北宋梅尧臣《邃隐堂》诗：“华宇何深沉，但闻列图籍。”
帘钩：卷挂帘帷的钩子。唐王昌龄《青楼怨》诗：“肠断关山不解说，依依残月下帘钩。”
宝筝：筝的美称。拈：原指手指捏取、搓搽东西。这里指弹筝时的捻、拢、挑等手法。得：助词，用在动词谓语后，表示行为的实现。可灵活译出。雁：雁柱，指筝面承弦的柱，排列如雁行。雁柱的作用是调整音高。两宋之交的吕渭老《薄悻》词：“尽无言、闲品秦筝，泪满参差雁。”
篆（zhuàn）香：是用香末盘绕成盘曲状的炉香。两宋之交的李清照《满庭芳》词：“篆香烧尽，日影下帘钩。”消：同“销”，耗费。山：指屏风中所画的山。空：徒然，无效果。
钗凤：指饰有凤形的头钗。钗：古代妇女别在发髻上的首饰，由两股簪子合成。唐李洞《赠入内供奉僧》诗：“因逢夏日西明讲，不觉宫人拔凤钗。”欹（qī）：斜，倾侧。
鬓（bìn）蝉：即蝉鬓，古代妇女的一种发式，两鬓薄如蝉翼，故称。亦借指妇女。南朝梁萧绎《登颜园故阁》诗：“妆成理蝉鬓，笑罢敛蛾眉。”
残红：落花。这里借指憔悴人脸上残留的脂粉。立：副词。立刻，立即。唐周繇《送边上从事》诗：“提笔男儿事，功名立可夸。”褪：减色，颜色变淡。南宋陈允平《恋绣衾》词：“缃桃红浅柳褪黄，燕初来，宫漏渐长。”
杜鹃：鸟名，又叫杜宇、子规，传为古蜀帝所化，其叫声若“行不得也哥哥”，人们认为有催归的意思。
等闲：随便，轻易。三春：旧指阴历正月为孟春，二月为仲春，三月为季春。尽：终止。
参考资料：
1、潘天宁．千家词：中州古籍出版社，2015.03：第208页
踏莎行·院落深沉创作背景
绍兴十五年（1145年），洪迈中在临安参加试词科三考试，考试结束后，与几个朋友到妓楼游玩。妓楼的孙氏，让宾客各赋一词，洪迈作此词，宾客皆说：洪迈必高中，后来果然考上了进士。
参考资料：
1、马兴荣，刘乃昌，刘继才主编．全宋词 广选·新注·集评 3：辽宁人民出版社，1997.07：第60页
踏莎行·院落深沉鉴赏
开头两句用“院落”、“池塘”写女主人的生活环境，而这环境的特点是“深沉”与“寂静”，一上来就透露了境中人的孤单与寂寞。第三句由“院落”、“池塘”写到“帘钩”，这正如电影镜头的推移，且的是让读者亲自巡视一下主人公的生活天地，从而加深空阔、冷清的感受。一般人喜欢用“帘幕低垂”写孤寂，这固然不错，但往往需要上下文的配合，否则，美满的家庭也能庭院深深、帘幕沉沉。也许洪迈也意识到了这一点，而他又不愿意在上下文中点明主人公的哀乐，于是别出心裁，炼出“帘钩卷上梨花影”一句。如果帘钩卷上只有“梨花影”前来作伴的生活，那就太空虚和寂寞。以上三句着力渲染了环境。
她在弹筝：“宝筝拈得雁难寻”，她在出神地望着烧尽的篆香：“篆香消尽山空冷”。吕渭老《薄幸》词：“尽无言、闲品秦筝，泪满参差雁。”而这里的女主人公却是“宝筝拈得”而“雁难寻”，连音调也调试不准，有相思而无法于弦上诉说，这就加倍的不堪。眼看着“篆香消尽”而懒得去添，以致帷冷屏寒，其难以入睡也可知矣。“山”是画屏上的山，如牛峤《菩萨蛮》所说的“画屏山几重”。这一句所写的情境，《花间集》中颇多见，如欧阳炯《凤楼春》“罗幌香冷粉屏空”，毛熙震《木兰花》“金带冷，画屏幽，宝帐慵熏兰麝薄”，张泌《河传》“锦屏香冷无睡，被头多少泪”，都可作为理解此句的参考。女主人公这一整夜都是在凄凉中度过，那么未来的一天，又将“守着窗儿独自，怎生得黑”。
过片的“钗凤”三句写主人公形貌。在痛苦中熬着日子，“钗凤斜鼓”、“鬓蝉不整”、“慵看镜”，便是相思成疾之状的形象反映。《诗经·伯兮》中的句子：“自伯之东，首如飞蓬。岂无膏沐，谁适为容。”以及徐斡《室思》里的话：“自君之出矣，明镜暗不治。思君如流水，无有穷已时。”这三句正是要表现其无穷的思念。“杜鹃啼月一声声”，表面上只写环境，只是在进一步创造冷清的气氛，因为“杜鹃啼血猿哀鸣”是自然界最凄厉的声音，实际上这里还用催归的杜鹃声表现思妇对行人的期待。前面已经说过，上半阕的结句是在暗示一夜将尽，到下半阕的结句则说“等闲又是三春尽”。
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晏几道《
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留春令·画屏天畔》
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晏几道《
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留春令·画屏天畔》
洪迈简介
唐代·洪迈的简介
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洪迈（1123——1202），南宋饶州鄱阳（今江西省上饶市鄱阳县）人，字景卢，号容斋，又号野处。洪皓第三子。官至翰林院学士、资政大夫、端明殿学士，副丞相、封魏郡开国公、光禄大夫。卒年八十，谥“文敏”。配张氏，兵部侍郎张渊道女、继配陈氏，均封和国夫人。南宋著名文学家。
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赠董士勉归海州并问讯刘贡寓学正
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明代：
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郑真
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风云浩渺泛灵槎，三径归来菊有花。疏广宅东天入海，龙且城外水囊沙。
宾筵且复成娱乐，帝阙终须拜宠嘉。好语黉宫刘博士，休将简策问生涯。