寻隐者不遇
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唐代]：贾岛
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寻隐者不遇译文及注释
译文
苍松下，我询问了年少的学童；他说，师傅已经采药去了山中。
他还对我说，就在这座大山里，可山中云雾缭绕，不知他行踪。
注释
⑴寻：寻访。隐者：隐士，隐居在山林中的人。古代指不肯做官而隐居在山野之间的人。一般指的是贤士。不遇：没有遇到，没有见到。
⑵童子：没有成年的人，小孩。在这里是指“隐者”的弟子、学生。
⑶言：回答，说。
⑷云深：指山上的云雾。处：行踪，所在。
寻隐者不遇创作背景
此诗是中唐时期诗僧贾岛到山中寻访一位隐者未能遇到有感而作的。隐者不详何人，有人认为是贾岛的山友长孙霞。此诗的具体创作时间难以考证。
参考资料：
1、百度百科.寻隐者不遇
寻隐者不遇鉴赏
贾岛是以“推敲”两字出名的苦吟诗人。一般认为他只是在用字方面下功夫，其实他的“推敲”不仅着眼于锤字炼句，在谋篇构思方面也是同样煞费苦心的。此诗就是一个例证。
全诗只有二十字，作为抒情诗，却有环境，有人物，有情节，内容极丰富，其奥秘在于独出心裁地运用了问答体。不是一问一答，而是几问几答，并且寓问于答。第一句省略了主语“我”。“我”来到“松下”问“童子”，见得“松下”是“隐者”的住处，而“隐者”外出。“寻隐者不遇”的题目已经交待清楚。“隐者”外出而问其“童子”，必有所问，而这里把问话省略了，而写出“童子”的答语：“师采药去。”从这四个字而可想见当时松下所问是“师往何处去”。“我”专程来“寻隐者”，“隐者”“采药去”了，自然很想把他找回来。因而又问童子：“采药在何处？”这一问诗人也没有明写，而以“只在此山中”的童子答辞，把问句隐括在内。最后一句“云深不知处”，又是童子答复对方采药究竟在山前、山后、山顶、山脚的问题。明明三番问答，至少须六句方能表达的，贾岛采用了以答句包赅问句的手法，精简为二十字。这种“推敲”就不在一字一句间了。
然而，这首诗的成功，不仅在于简炼；单言繁简，还不足以说明它的妙处。诗贵善于抒情。这首诗的抒情特色是在平淡中见深沉。一般访友，问知他出，也就自然扫兴而返了。但这首诗中，一问之后并不罢休，又继之以二问三问，其言甚繁，而其笔则简，以简笔写繁情，益见其情深与情切。而且这三番答问，逐层深入，表达感情有起有伏。“松下问童子”时，心情轻快，满怀希望；“言师采药去”，答非所想，一坠而为失望；“只在此山中”，在失望中又萌生了一线希望；及至最后一答：“云深不知处”，就惘然若失，无可奈何了。
然而诗的抒情要凭借艺术形象，要讲究色调。从表面看，这首诗似乎不着一色，白描无华，是淡妆而非浓抹。其实它的造型自然，色彩鲜明，浓淡相宜。郁郁青松，悠悠白云，这青与白，这松与云，它的形象与色调恰和云山深处的隐者身份相符。而且未见隐者先见其画，青翠挺立中隐含无限生机；而后却见茫茫白云，深邃杳霭，捉摸无从，令人起秋水伊人无处可寻的浮想。从造型的递变，色调的先后中也映衬出作者感情的与物转移。
诗中隐者采药为生，济世活人，是一个真隐士。所以贾岛对他有高山仰止的钦慕之情。诗中白云显其高洁，苍松赞其风骨，写景中也含有比兴之义。惟其如此，钦慕而不遇，就更突出其怅惘之情了。另外，作者作为一个封建社会的知识分子，离开繁华的都市，跑到这超尘绝俗的青松白云之间来“寻隐者”，其原因也是耐人寻味，引人遐想的。
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上一首：
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李商隐《
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嫦娥》
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李商隐《
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北青萝》
贾岛简介
唐代·贾岛的简介
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贾岛（779～843年），字浪（阆）仙，唐代诗人。汉族，唐朝河北道幽州范阳县（今河北省涿州市）人。早年出家为僧，号无本。自号“碣石山人”。据说在洛阳的时候后因当时有命令禁止和尚午后外出，贾岛做诗发牢骚，被韩愈发现其才华。后受教于韩愈，并还俗参加科举，但累举不中第。唐文宗的时候被排挤，贬做长江主簿。唐武宗会昌年初由普州司仓参军改任司户，未任病逝。
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