夜上受降城闻笛
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唐代]：李益
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回乐峰前沙似雪，受降城外月如霜。(回乐峰一作：回乐烽）
夜上受降城闻笛译文及注释
译文
回乐峰前的沙地白得像雪，受降城外的月色有如秋霜。
不知何处吹起凄凉的芦管，一夜间征人个个眺望故乡。
注释
受降城：唐初名将张仁愿为了防御突厥，在黄河以北筑受降城，分东、中、西三城，都在今内蒙古自治区境内。另有一种说法是：公元646年（贞观二十年），唐太宗亲临灵州接受突厥一部的投降,“受降城”之名即由此而来。
回乐峰：唐代有回乐县，灵州治所，在今宁夏回族自治区灵武县西南。回乐峰即当地山峰。一作“回乐烽”：指回乐县附近的烽火台。
城下：一作“城上”，一作“城外”。
芦管：笛子。一作“芦笛”。
征人：戍边的将士。尽：全。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等 ．全唐诗（上） ．上海 ：上海古籍出版社 ，1986年10月版 ：第718页 ．
2、于海娣 等 ．唐诗鉴赏大全集 ．北京 ：中国华侨出版社 ，2010年12月版 ：第316页 ．
3、蘅塘退士 ．唐诗三百首 ：宗教文化出版社 ，2003 ：309 ．
夜上受降城闻笛鉴赏
这是一首抒写戍边将士乡情的诗作，从多角度描绘了戍边将士（包括吹笛人）浓烈的乡思和满心的哀愁之情。
诗歌的前两句描写了一幅边塞月夜的独特景色.举目远眺，蜿蜒数十里的丘陵上耸立着座座高大的烽火台，烽火台下是一片无垠的沙漠，在月光的映照下如同积雪的荒原。近看，高城之外月光皎洁，如同深秋的寒霜。沙漠并非雪原，诗人偏说它“似雪”，月光并非秋霜，诗人偏说它“如霜”。诗人如此运笔，是为了借这寒气袭人的景物来渲染心境的愁惨凄凉。正是这似雪的沙漠和如霜的月光使受降城之夜显得格外空寂惨淡。也使诗人格外强烈地感受到置身边塞绝域的孤独，而生发出思乡情愫。
如果说前两句写景，景中寓情，蓄而未发；那么后两句则正面写情。在万籁俱寂中，夜风送来呜呜咽咽的芦笛声。这笛声使诗人想到：是哪座烽火台上的戍卒在借芦笛声倾诉那无尽的边愁？那幽怨的笛声又触动了多少GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人的思乡愁？在这漫长的边塞之夜，他们一个个披衣而起，忧郁的目光掠过似雪的沙漠，如霜的月地，久久凝视着远方······“不知何处”，写出了诗人月夜闻笛时的迷惘心情，映衬出夜景的空寥寂寞。“一夜”和“尽望”又道出征人望乡之情的深重和急切。
从全诗来看，前两句写的是色，第三句写的是声；末句抒心中所感，写的是情。前三句都是为末句直接抒情作烘托、铺垫。开头由视觉形象引动绵绵乡情，进而由听觉形象把乡思的暗流引向滔滔的感情的洪波。前三句已经蓄势有余，末句一般就用直抒写出。李益却蹊径独辟，让满孕之情在结尾处打个回旋，用拟想中的GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人望乡的镜头加以表现，使人感到句绝而意不绝，在戛然而止处仍然漾开一个又一个涟漪。这首诗艺术上的成功，就在于把诗中的景色、声音、感情三者融合为一体，将诗情、画意与音乐美熔于一炉，组成了一个完整的艺术整体，意境浑成，简洁空灵，而又具有含蕴不尽的特点。
这首诗语言优美，节奏平缓，寓情于景，以景写情，写出了GREn/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>征人眼前之景，心中之情，感人肺腑。诗意婉曲深远，让人回味无穷。刘禹锡《和令孤相公言怀寄河中杨少尹》中提到李益，有“边月空悲芦管秋”句，即指此诗。可见此诗在当时已传诵很广。《唐诗纪事》说这首诗在当时便被度曲入画。仔细体味全诗意境，的确也是谱歌作画的佳品。因而被谱入弦管，天下传唱，成为中唐绝句中出色的名篇之一。
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祖咏《
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望蓟门》
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杜甫《
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阁夜》
李益简介
唐代·李益的简介
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李益(约750—约830)， 唐代诗人，字君虞，祖籍凉州姑臧（今甘肃武威市凉州区），后迁河南郑州。大历四年(769)进士，初任郑县尉，久不得升迁，建中四年(783)登书判拔萃科。因仕途失意，后弃官在燕赵一带漫游。以边塞诗作名世，擅长绝句，尤其工于七绝。
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