送狄宗亨
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唐代]：王昌龄
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送狄宗亨鉴赏
这是一首送别朋友的诗，全诗内容是诗人对朋友真挚情谊的表达，抒发的是惜别之情。狄宗亨，王昌龄的朋友，事迹不详。
“秋在水清山暮蝉”，送行的时间是秋天的傍晚。“水清”，说明天气晴朗，“暮蝉”，日落的时候尚有蝉在鸣叫。“洛阳树色鸣皋烟”，说明送行的地点和朋友要去的地方。“洛阳”是诗人与狄宗亨惜别的地方，也就是今河南省洛阳市；“鸣皋”，狄宗亨要去的地方，在河南省嵩县东北，陆浑山之东有“鸣皋山”，相传有白鹤鸣其上，故名。又称九皋山，山麓有鸣皋镇。本句中的“树色”和“烟”是写景，暮色苍茫中洛阳“树色”依稀可辨，这是实写；在洛阳是看不到鸣皋的“烟”的，但与朋友惜别时，向朋友要去的地方望去，烟雾朦胧，这是虚写。
诗的后两句直抒情怀。“愁不尽”说明两人情谊非同一般，后句侧重点是“空度”，他说，(你走了)我很惋惜(无人与我做伴)，白白度过这个凉风飒飒、气候宜人的秋天。这两句语意浅近，而诗人与狄宗亨的深厚情谊却表现得十分深刻，即所谓“意近而旨远”。
这首诗语言通俗流畅，含意隽永深沉，虽然只有四句，但却以情取景，借景抒情，委婉含蓄，意余言外。因为一首“七绝”只有二十八个字，表现的思想感情又较复杂，这也就难怪诗人惜墨如金，用一字而表现丰富的内容，如第二句以“烟”字概括说明想象中的鸣皋景物，第三句以“愁”字表现诗人对狄宗亨的感情之深，皆是妙笔。
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上一首：
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王昌龄《
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送张四》
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下一首：
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李颀《
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送刘昱》
王昌龄简介
唐代·王昌龄的简介
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王昌龄 (698— 756），字少伯，河东晋阳（今山西太原）人。盛唐著名边塞诗人，后人誉为“七绝圣手”。早年贫贱，困于农耕，年近不惑，始中进士。初任秘书省校书郎，又中博学宏辞，授汜水尉，因事贬岭南。与李白、高适、王维、王之涣、岑参等交厚。开元末返长安，改授江宁丞。被谤谪龙标尉。安史乱起，为刺史闾丘所杀。其诗以七绝见长，尤以登第之前赴西北边塞所作边塞诗最著，有“诗家夫子王江宁”之誉（亦有“诗家天子王江宁”的说法）。
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