汉宫春·着破荷衣
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宋代]：赵汝茪
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着破荷衣，笑西风吹我，又落西湖。湖间旧时饮者，今与谁俱？山山映带，似携来、画卷重舒。三十里，芙蓉步障，依然红翠相扶。
一目清无留处，任屋浮天上，身集空虚。残烧夕阳过雁，点点疏疏。故人老大，好襟怀，消减全无。慢赢得，秋风两耳，冷泉亭下骑驴。
汉宫春·着破荷衣译文及注释
译文
身着残破的衣裳，笑那萧萧的西风又将我吹送到了西湖。旧时那些与我一起对饮于西湖间的友人，如今还有谁能与我在一起？西湖四周，青山环绕，山光水色秀丽迷人，好似从前那幅美丽的画卷又被携带来重新打开一样。湖中那绵延三十里的重重荷花依然如故，还是那样红翠相扶。
放眼望去，西湖美景一目了然，毫无滞留之处，湖水明净，任凭船儿在湖面飘浮，如同浮游在空中，人也仿佛置身在浩渺无边的虚空，飘飘然若羽化而登仙。仰望长空，夕阳像即将烧尽的火球一样悬在天边，火红的余霞中，几只大雁，散不成阵，疏疏点点，向远方飞去。昔日和我同游共饮的友人如今都已衰老不堪，昔日的豪迈胸襟、满怀壮志，如今都已消磨殆尽。我独自怀着怅惘的心情附船着岸，骑着毛驴来到了冷泉亭下，一阵衰飒的秋风迎面吹来，在我耳边“呼呼”作响。
注释
汉宫春：词牌名。《高丽史·乐志》名《汉宫春慢》。《梦窗词集》入"夹钟商"。双调，九十六字，前后阕各四平韵，诸家句豆各有出入， 以《稼轩长短句》为准。 [2]
荷衣：以荷叶为衣。屈原《离骚》：“制芰荷以为衣兮，集芙蓉以为裳。”后世以“荷衣”指隐吞的服装。
步障：步障：古代贵族出行时，路两边以竹支架锦匹，以蔽尘和遮人眼目。这里是指层层叠叠的荷花。
屋：指船。
残烧夕阳：形容夕阳像即将烧尽的火球。自居易《秋思》诗：“夕照红于烧。”
冷泉亭：在杭州西湖灵隐寺西南飞来峰下，始建于唐人，白居易曾作《冷泉亭记》，述其始末，为西湖胜景之。
参考资料：
1、喻朝刚，周航．中华文化的传世经典 宋词观止 九 注释 解说 集评：大众文艺出版社，2009.04：第1561页
汉宫春·着破荷衣创作背景
这首词为重游西湖，对景感怀之作。作者虽为宗室，但因家道中落，无心仕宦，长期隐居林泉。再次重来杭州见风景依旧，而人事全非，当年的酒朋诗侣如今逐渐凋零，因而顿觉“好襟怀、消减全无”。百感交集，怀念过去，写下这首词。
参考资料：
1、喻朝刚，周航．分类两宋绝妙好词：生活书店出版有限公司，2015.09：第658页
汉宫春·着破荷衣鉴赏
这首词的上片写词人故地重游，来到西湖的情景。“着破荷衣，笑西风吹我，又落西湖”。“荷衣”表明了词人的隐士身份，在其前着一“破”字，更见其弃世隐居已经很久。“笑”字传达出了词人不愿重回繁华世间却又无可奈何的心理，只能一“笑”而已。“湖间旧时饮者，今与谁俱？”旧时那些与我一起对饮于西湖间的友人，如今还有谁能与我在一起？这二句慨叹词人当年的酒朋诗侣如今已四散飘零，表达了词人对他们的追怀，字里行间流淌着物是人非的凄凉。“山山映带，似携来，画卷重舒。”西湖四周，青山环绕，山光水色秀丽迷人，好似从前那幅美丽的画卷又被携带来重新打开一样。这二句写西湖风景依然秀美如画，未曾改变。“三十里，芙蓉步障，依然红翠相扶。”这二句抓住湖中荷花这一景物进行具体描述，再次抒发了景物依旧，人事已非的感慨。
在词的下片，作者进一步抒写自己在此情此景中的亲身感受，悲悼王朝故家的沦落和自己的不幸遭遇。“一目清无留处，任屋浮天上，身集空虚。”放眼望去，西湖美景一目了然，毫无滞留之处，湖水明净，任凭船儿在湖面飘浮，如同浮游在空中，人也仿佛置身在浩渺无边的虚空，飘飘然若羽化而登仙。这三句写景如画，写出了荡舟湖面的感受。在抒写自己的感受时，词人展开了丰富的想象力和敏锐细致的观察力：天空倒映在水中，故而船仿佛浮于天上，人随舟摇荡，无所倚靠，故而有置身太虚之感。“残烧夕阳过雁，点点疏疏。”残烧夕阳：形容夕阳像即将烧尽的火球。化用自居易《秋思》诗：“夕照红于烧。”这二句写傍晚时的景色，境界超迈，渲染出西湖夕照之美，引人遐思。“故人老大，好襟怀，消减全无。”昔日和我同游共饮的友人如今都已衰老不堪，昔日的豪迈胸襟、满怀壮志，如今都已消磨殆尽。此几句抒发身世之慨，二语三折，含蕴深广，词人内心的苍凉与落寞不言而喻。“故人”二字在这里是相对于西湖而言，包括了词人自己和上片所提到的“旧时饮者”。“漫赢得，秋声两耳，冷泉亭下骑驴。”我独自怀着怅惘的心情附船着岸，骑着毛驴来到了冷泉亭下，一阵衰飒的秋风迎面吹来，在我耳边“呼呼”作响。末二句更作衰飒之语，传达出词人内心的凄凉之情。他本为宋室后裔，却偏生活在屈辱不振、日趋没落的南宋末年，朝廷昏庸，奸佞当道，自己被弃置不用，虽有满腔豪情壮志，但除了骑驴听秋声外，还能有什么作为呢？同时，在行文上也照应了开头，也道出了他为何甘作隐士退居山林的原因。
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苏轼《
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水龙吟·小沟东接长江》
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李白《
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醉后赠从甥高镇》
赵汝茪简介
唐代·赵汝茪的简介
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赵汝茪 guāng（约公元1247年前后在世），字参晦，号霞山，又号退斋，赵宋宗室，宋太宗第四子、商王元份七世孙，为赵善官之幼子。里居及生卒年均不详，约宋理宗淳佑中前后在世。有词名，周密曾拟其词体作词，宋编的《阳春白雪》和《绝妙好词》均选其作品，《全宋词》辑其《退斋词》一卷，存词九篇。
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题张子正运使所藏杨德懋山居老闲图仍次元韵四首 其四
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南北朝：
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王寂
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张侯诗敏落黄閒，杨丈规摹逼老关。二妙通灵恐仙去，夜窗风雨要防闲。