观村童戏溪上
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宋代]:陆游
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雨馀溪水掠堤平,闲看村童戏晚晴。竹马踉蹡冲淖去,纸鸢跋扈挟风鸣。
三冬暂就儒生学,千耦还从父老耕。识字粗堪供赋役,不须辛苦慕公卿。
观村童戏溪上译文及注释
译文
雨后的溪水漫过堤岸快要跟堤相平,闲来观看村童们感谢老天向晚初晴。
有的骑着竹马跌跌撞撞冲进了烂泥坑,有的放着风筝,风筝横冲直撞的迎风飞鸣。
冬季的三个月就跟着塾师学习,农忙时节就回家跟随父兄耕田种地。
识字勉强能够应付租税劳役就好,不需要辛苦读书羡慕王公贵族。
注释
雨余:雨后。掠:拂过,漫过。
晚晴:放晴的傍晚夕阳。
竹马:儿童游戏,折竹骑以当马也。桓温少时,与殷浩共乘竹马。
踉蹡:跌跌撞撞,行步歪斜貌。
纸鸢:风筝,俗称鹞子。
三冬:冬季的三个月。古代农村只在冬季三个月中让儿童入学读书。
儒生:这里指塾师。
千耦(ǒu):指农忙景象。
粗堪:勉强能够。
供:应付。
赋役:租税劳役。
不须:不必要。
观村童戏溪上鉴赏
该句摘自何卷,尚待查考。代儿童游戏多种多样,十分丰富。该诗前两联写了两种游戏,一是骑竹马;一是放风筝。竹马在地面上奔跑,跑来跑去晃晃悠悠连人带“马”冲进了烂泥塘里,好不扫兴;风筝在空中飞舞,左摇右摆,又飞又叫,好不骄横。值得关注的是,诗人写风筝与风的关系时,手法与众不同,他不说风筝凭借风力而飞,却说风筝挟持风筝在大风中飞扬跋扈。在这里,作者把风筝作为主体,视它为生灵,真是把个风筝写活了。
读此诗,不由得想到现今仍然流行于日本的“斗风筝”。打斗的风筝多为长方形硬板子,从背后勒成瓦形,或竖或横,绘画简洁明快,不拴尾巴,背缚弓弦,凭借强风,飞上天空,左冲右突,嗡嗡作响。许多风筝同时升空,并不回避碰撞缠绕,而是互相打斗,互相“割线”,一旦线断,任其飞去。最后,谁还留在空中,谁便是胜利者。那场面颇有陆翁诗的气势。
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上一首:
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陆游《
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家居三首 其一》
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下一首:
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陆游《
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梦中作二首 其一》
陆游简介
唐代·陆游的简介
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陆游(1125—1210),字务观,号放翁。汉族,越州山阴(今浙江绍兴)人,南宋著名诗人。少时受家庭爱国思想熏陶,高宗时应礼部试,为秦桧所黜。孝宗时赐进士出身。中年入蜀,投身军旅生活,官至宝章阁待制。晚年退居家乡。创作诗歌今存九千多首,内容极为丰富。著有《剑南诗稿》、《渭南文集》、《南唐书》、《老学庵笔记》等。
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